Talmud for Bava Batra 5:1

הַמּוֹכֵר אֶת הַסְּפִינָה, מָכַר אֶת הַתֹּרֶן וְאֶת הַנֵּס וְאֶת הָעוֹגִין וְאֶת כָּל הַמַּנְהִיגִין אוֹתָהּ, אֲבָל לֹא מָכַר לֹא אֶת הָעֲבָדִים, וְלֹא אֶת הַמַּרְצוּפִין, וְלֹא אֶת הָאַנְתִּיקִי. וּבִזְמַן שֶׁאָמַר לוֹ הִיא וְכָל מַה שֶּׁבְּתוֹכָהּ, הֲרֵי כֻלָּן מְכוּרִין. מָכַר אֶת הַקָּרוֹן, לֹא מָכַר אֶת הַפְּרָדוֹת. מָכַר אֶת הַפְּרָדוֹת, לֹא מָכַר אֶת הַקָּרוֹן. מָכַר אֶת הַצֶּמֶד, לֹא מָכַר אֶת הַבָּקָר. מָכַר אֶת הַבָּקָר, לֹא מָכַר אֶת הַצֶּמֶד. רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר, הַדָּמִים מוֹדִיעִין. כֵּיצַד, אָמַר לוֹ מְכוֹר לִי צִמְדְּךָ בְּמָאתַיִם זוּז, הַדָּבָר יָדוּעַ שֶׁאֵין הַצֶּמֶד בְּמָאתַיִם זוּז. וַחֲכָמִים אוֹמְרִים, אֵין הַדָּמִים רְאָיָה:

One who sells a boat has sold the mast, the sail, the anchor, and all of its "conductors" [the oars, by which the boat is "conducted" to its destination]. But he has not sold the sailors, the packing bags [for its cargo], or its wares. [And all those things mentioned below under "If he sold … he has not sold …" — if he made a gift of the boat or dedicated it, they are not included in the gift or the dedication. They are not like bor, duth, or wine vat (above), which are all "ground-fixed" and "absorbed" in the field relative to dedication and gift, but these are not "absorbed" at all.] And if he said: "It and all that is in it," all are sold. If he sold the wagon, he has not sold the p'radoth [the animals pulling the wagon. This, if they are not attached to it at the time of the sale. Some understand "p'radoth" as the wood pieces, separate (nifradim) from the wagon, by which the wagon is pulled. This, if they are not tied to it at the time of the sale.] If he sold the p'radoth, he has not sold the wagon. If he sold the yoke, he has not sold the team. If he sold the team, he has not sold the yoke. R. Yehudah says: The money apprises us (as to what has been sold.) How so? If he said to him: "Sell me your yoke for two hundred zuz," it is obvious that a yoke (itself) is not sold for two hundred zuz. The sages say: The money is no proof. [As to the ruling (Bava Metzia 4:3) that (with an overcharge of) a sixth the sale is valid and the overcharge is returned, and with an overcharge of more than a sixth the sale is annulled, this is when the buyer might mistakenly think that it is worth that much (more than a sixth, etc.), so that the sale is "a sale in error." But where the buyer would not make such a mistake, as in buying a yoke worth a zuz for two hundred, we say that he gave it to him as a gift and the sale is not annulled. The halachah is not in accordance with R. Yehudah.]

Jerusalem Talmud Nazir

MISHNAH: If somebody finds¹⁰⁶Ploughing his field or excavating his property, he finds a grave unknown to him. a corpse in original position, lying as usual¹⁰⁷The position of the bones is that usual in Jewish burials., he takes him and his surroundings¹⁰⁸He can remove the bones and the earth that will have absorbed the decaying flesh. The Mishnah assumes that no sarcophagus was used.. If he finds two, he takes them and their surroundings. If he finds three¹⁰⁹Three parallel graves. and between one and the next is a distance of between four and eight cubits, enough for the bier and the people who bury¹¹⁰It is forbidden to step on a grave while burying another person. Therefore, a Jewish cemetery must allow enough space that burials can take place which do not desecrate prior graves., that is a cemetery¹¹¹It is forbidden to remove the graves or to use the ground for other purposes.. He has to check on both sides for another 20 cubits. If he finds a grave at the end of 20 cubits, he has to check another 20 cubits since it is obvious that if this were a new burial ground, one would have taken him and his surroundings there¹¹²If a series of graves was found which conform to the rules of a cemetery, it must be a cemetery since otherwise the bones would have been removed..

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Jerusalem Talmud Nazir

How much is the surrounding of a grave? One shaves off three finger-breadths, the place where fluid penetrates¹¹⁸In the Babli, 65a, this is a little more explicit: In virgin soil, one takes three finger-breadths. In loose soil, one takes as much as one recognizes that the decomposing flesh penetrated..

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